A Review of Global Power-to-Gas Projects To Date [INTERACTIVE]
According to experts from Technical University of Applied Sciences (OTH) in Regensburg, Germany, who recently reviewed the world’s existing power-to-gas (P2G) hydrogen and methane projects, about 143 P2G projects have operated since 1988 in 22 countries. Only 56 hydrogen and 38 methanation projects were active in 2019. While the existing fleet mostly comprises pilot or demonstration projects under 1 MW, nearly 45% of these projects fed or planned to feed gas into the grid or reconvert it into power or heat. See POWER magazine’s in-depth analysis, “Why Power-to-Gas May Flourish in a Renewables-Heavy World,” in the December 2019 issue.
Existing Power-to-Gas Projects Worldwide as of September 2019
| Project name | Country | City | Product | Grid Injection | Year | Power (MWe) | Methanation Type | |
| Continuous CH4 Production from H2 and CO2 | Japan | Higashi-Hiroshima | CH4 | No | 1988 | No record | Biological | |
| Methane production from synthesis gas | United States | Fayetteville | CH4 | No | 1991 | No record | Biological | |
| PHOEBUS | Germany | Jülich | H2 | No | 1993 | 0.026 | No record | |
| Solar-Wasserstoff-Projekt | Germany | Neunburg vorm Wald | H2 | No | 1996 | 0.3 | No record | |
| SAPHYS Project | Italy | Rome | H2 | No | 1997 | 0.005 | No record | |
| PVFCSYS Sophia Antipolis | France | Antibes | H2 | No | 2000 | 0.004 | No record | |
| Grimstad Renewable Energy Park | Norway | Grimstad | H2 | No | 2000 | 0.05 | No record | |
| Laboratory Plant HRI | Canada | Quebec | H2 | No | 2001 | 0.005 | No record | |
| HyFLEET:CUTE | Netherlands | Amsterdam | H2 | No | 2003 | 0.4 | No record | |
| HyFLEET:CUTE | Spain | Barcelona | H2 | No | 2003 | 0.4 | No record | |
| HyFLEET:CUTE | Germany | Hamburg | H2 | No | 2003 | 0.4 | No record | |
| Laboratory Plant IFE Kjeller | Norway | Kjeller | H2 | No | 2003 | 0.002 | No record | |
| HyFLEET:CUTE | Sweden | Stockholm | H2 | No | 2003 | 0.4 | No record | |
| PVFCSYS Agrate | Italy | Agrate | H2 | No | 2004 | 0.003 | No record | |
| DTE Energy Hydrogen TechNorwaylogy Park | United States | Southfield | H2 | No | 2004 | 0.16 | No record | |
| Continuous methane fermentation | Japan | Tsukuba | CH4 | No | 2004 | No record | Biological | |
| Utsira | Norway | Utsira Island | H2 | No | 2004 | 0.048 | No record | |
| PURE | UK | Baltasound | H2 | No | 2005 | No record | No record | |
| RES2H2 Greek site | Greece | Keratea | H2 | No | 2005 | 0.025 | No record | |
| Sotavento experimental wind farm | Spain | Sotavento | H2 | No | 2005 | 0.288 | No record | |
| Hydrogen Energy Storage System | Japan | Takasago | H2 | No | 2005 | 0.028 | No record | |
| Nakskov Industrial & Energy Park Lolland | Denmark | Nakskov | H2 | No | 2007 | 0.005 | No record | |
| RES2H2 Spanish site | Spain | Pozo Izquierdo, Gran Canaria | H2 | No | 2007 | 0.055 | No record | |
| ECTOS | Iceland | Reykjavik | H2 | No record | 2007 | 0.3 | No record | |
| IRENE System | Canada | Victoria | H2 | No | 2007 | 0.006 | No record | |
| Ameland | Netherlands | Ameland Island | H2 | Yes | 2008 | 0.009 | No record | |
| CymruH2Wales project | UK | Baglan near Swansea | CH4 | Yes | 2008 | 0.049 | No record | |
| H2 from the Sun | Italy | Brunate | H2 | No | 2008 | 0.011 | No record | |
| Hychico Hydrogen Plant | Argentina | Comodoro Rivadavia | H2 | No | 2008 | 0.7 | No record | |
| HyDePark | Turkey | Gebze | H2 | No | 2008 | 0.007 | No record | |
| HaRi | UK | Longhborough | H2 | No | 2008 | 0.034 | No record | |
| Hidrolica | Spain | Tahivilla | H2 | No | 2008 | 0.041 | No record | |
| Stand-alone power system | Greece | Xanthi | H2 | No | 2008 | 0.004 | No record | |
| CO2-Recycling via reaction with hydrogen | United States | Reno | CH4 | Yes | 2009 | 0.005 | Chemical | |
| SolarFuel-Alpha 1st site | Germany | Stuttgart | CH4 | No | 2009 | 0.025 | Chemical | |
| Wind-Hydrogen Village PEI | Canada | Tignish | H2 | No | 2009 | 0.3 | No record | |
| HARP System Bella Coola | Canada | Bella Coola | H2 | No | 2010 | 0.32 | No record | |
| Wind2H2 | United States | Boulder | H2 | No | 2010 | 0.033 | No record | |
| H2KT | Greenland | Nuuk | H2 | No | 2010 | 0.098 | No record | |
| SolarFuel-Alpha 2nd site | Germany | Werlte | CH4 | Yes | 2010 | 0.025 | Chemical | |
| Hydrogen Island Bozcaada | Turkey | Bozcaada | H2 | No | 2011 | 0.055 | No record | |
| CHIC | Switzerland | Brugg/Aargau | H2 | No | 2011 | 0.3 | No record | |
| Towards the Methane Society, Phase 1 | Denmark | Midtjylland-Region | CH4 | Yes | 2011 | No record | Chemical | |
| SolarFuel-Alpha 3rd site | Germany | Morbach | CH4 | No | 2011 | 0.025 | Chemical | |
| Hybridkraftwerk Prenzlau | Germany | Prenzlau | H2 | Yes | 2011 | 0.6 | No record | |
| Methanisierung am Eichhof, SolarFuel-Alpha 4th sItalye | Germany | Bad Hersfeld | CH4 | No | 2012 | 0.025 | Chemical | |
| HyCube MYRTE | France | Corsica | H2 | No | 2012 | 0.05 | No record | |
| H2 Forschungszentrum CottbUnited States | Germany | Cottbus | H2 | No | 2012 | 0.145 | No record | |
| H2Move | Germany | Freiburg | H2 | No | 2012 | 0.04 | No record | |
| Ramea Wind-Hydrogen-Diesel (WHD) Project | Canada | Ramea | H2 | No | 2012 | 0.162 | No record | |
| REG-Technikum | Germany | Stuttgart | CH4 | No | 2012 | 0.25 | Chemical | |
| Biocatalytic methanation | Germany | Cottbus | CH4 | No | 2013 | No record | Biological | |
| GRHYD | France | Dunkerque | H2 | Yes | 2013 | No record | No record | |
| PtG-Etzel | Germany | Etzel | H2 | Yes | 2013 | 6 | No record | |
| El-Opgraderet Biogas | Denmark | Foulum | CH4 | Yes | 2013 | 0.04 | Chemical | |
| P2G-Foulum Project | Denmark | Foulum | CH4 | No | 2013 | 0.025 | Biological | |
| RH2-WKA | Germany | Grapzow | H2 | Yes | 2013 | 1 | No record | |
| H2-Tankstelle HafenCity | Germany | Hamburg | H2 | No | 2013 | 0.96 | No record | |
| H2Herten | Germany | Herten | H2 | No | 2013 | 0.16 | No record | |
| designetz Pilotanlage Ibbenbüren | Germany | Ibbenbüren | H2 | Yes | 2013 | 0.15 | No record | |
| MeGa-stoRE 1 | Denmark | Lemvig | CH4 | Yes | 2013 | No record | Chemical | |
| CO2RRECT | Germany | Niederauβem | CH4 | Yes | 2013 | 0.1 | Chemical | |
| PUSHY OSSHY | France | No record | H2 | No record | 2013 | 0.06 | No record | |
| Forschungsanlage am Technikum Germanys PFI | Germany | Pirmasens | CH4 | No | 2013 | No record | Biological | |
| P2G Project | Netherlands | Rozenburg | CH4 | Yes | 2013 | 0.008 | Chemical | |
| PtG am Eucolino | Germany | Schwandorf | CH4 | No | 2013 | 0.108 | Biological | |
| e-Gas-Anlage Werlte | Germany | Werlte | CH4 | Yes | 2013 | 6 | Chemical | |
| w2h | Austria | Auersthal | H2 | Yes | 2014 | 0.1 | No record | |
| H2BER Multi-Energie-Tankstelle | Germany | Berlin | H2 | No | 2014 | 0.5 | No record | |
| PtG Berlin-Schöneberg | Germany | Berlin | H2 | Yes | 2014 | 0.007 | No record | |
| Thüga Strom zu Gas Plattform | Germany | Frankfurt | H2 | Yes | 2014 | 0.3 | No record | |
| Forschungsanlage Germanyr DVGW-Forsch.-stelle am EBI | Germany | Karlsruhe | CH4 | No | 2014 | No record | Chemical | |
| GermanymoSNG (2nd site) | Germany | Karlsruhe | CH4 | Yes | 2014 | 0.006 | Chemical | |
| SYMBIO | Denmark | Lyngby | CH4 | No | 2014 | No record | Biological | |
| Energiepark Mainz | Germany | Mainz | H2 | Yes | 2014 | 6 | No record | |
| Power-to-Gas (for energy storage purposes) | Canada | Ontario | H2 | Yes | 2014 | 0.005 | No record | |
| GermanymoSNG (1st site) | Sweden | Stockholm | CH4 | Yes | 2014 | 0.006 | Chemical | |
| P2G-Elektrolyse zur AEL-Erforschung | Germany | Stuttgart | H2 | No | 2014 | 0.37 | No record | |
| Ingrid FCH JU project | Italy | Troia/Puglia | H2 | No | 2014 | 1 | No record | |
| W2P2G | Netherlands | Wijster | CH4 | Yes | 2014 | 0.4 | Chemical | |
| HydrogenBusProject | UK | Aberdeen | H2 | No | 2015 | 1 | No record | |
| Agerbæk/Helle-Project | Denmark | Agerbæk and Helle | H2 | Yes | 2015 | 0.006 | No record | |
| BioPower2Gas | Germany | Allendorf (Eder) | CH4 | Yes | 2015 | 0.3 | Biological | |
| GICON-Großtechnikum | Germany | Cottbus | CH4 | No | 2015 | No record | Biological | |
| PtG-Emden | Germany | Emden | CH4 | Yes | 2015 | 0.312 | Biological | |
| WindGas Falkenhagen | Germany | Falkenhagen | CH4 | Yes | 2015 | 2 | Biological | |
| Power-2-Hydrogen-Tankstelle | Germany | Hamburg | H2 | No | 2015 | 0.18 | No record | |
| WindGas Hamburg | Germany | Hamburg | H2 | Yes | 2015 | 1 | No record | |
| Demonstrationsanlage Hanau | Germany | Hanau | H2 | No | 2015 | 0.03 | No record | |
| RENOVGAS Project | Spain | Jerez de la Frontera | CH4 | Yes | 2015 | 0.015 | Chemical | |
| HELMETH | Germany | Karlsruhe | CH4 | Yes | 2015 | 0.008 | Chemical | |
| PUSHY LASHY | France | No record | H2 | No record | 2015 | 0.065 | No record | |
| Underground Sun Storage | Austria | Pilsbach | H2 | Yes | 2015 | 0.6 | No record | |
| Energiepark Pirmasens-Winzeln | Germany | Pirmasens | CH4 | Yes | 2015 | 2.5 | Biological | |
| SolarFuel-Alpha 5th site | Switzerland | Rapperswil | CH4 | No | 2015 | 0.025 | Chemical | |
| Stromlückenfüller | Germany | Reußenköge | H2 | Yes | 2015 | 0.2 | No record | |
| EXYTRON Demonstrationsanlage | Germany | Rostock | CH4 | No | 2015 | 0.021 | Chemical | |
| Mikrobielle Methanisierung | Germany | Schwandorf | CH4 | Yes | 2015 | 0.275 | Biological | |
| HYPOS: localhy | Germany | Sonneberg | H2 | Yes | 2015 | 0.075 | No record | |
| Komplexlabor FH Stralsund | Germany | Stralsund | H2 | No | 2015 | 0.02 | No record | |
| Biogasbooster | Germany | Straubing | CH4 | No | 2015 | No record | Biological | |
| Wasserstofftankstelle Stuttgart Talstraβe | Germany | Stuttgart | H2 | No | 2015 | 0.4 | No record | |
| RENERG2 | Switzerland | Villigen | CH4 | No record | 2015 | 0.1 | Chemical | |
| BioPower2Gas-Erweiterung | Germany | Allendorf (Eder) | CH4 | Yes | 2016 | No record | Biological | |
| Exytron Zero-Emission-Wohnpark | Germany | Alzey | CH4 | No | 2016 | 0.063 | Chemical | |
| Smart Grid Solar | Germany | Arzberg | H2 | No | 2016 | 0.075 | No record | |
| Erstes Energieautarkes HaUnited States der Welt | Switzerland | Brütten | H2 | No | 2016 | 0.015 | No record | |
| Smart Power Farm | UK | Cheshire | H2 | Yes | 2016 | 0.005 | No record | |
| Biologische Methanisierung in Rieselbettreaktoren | Germany | Garching | CH4 | No | 2016 | No record | Biological | |
| WindGas Haβfurt | Germany | Haβfurt | H2 | Yes | 2016 | 1.25 | No record | |
| Biocatalytic methanation of hydrogen and carbon dioxiGermany in a fixed bed bioreactor | Finland | Helsinki | CH4 | No | 2016 | No record | Biological | |
| Einsatz Germanyr biologischen Methanisierung […] | Germany | Hohenheim | CH4 | No | 2016 | No record | Biological | |
| SoCalGas-UCI | United States | Irvine | H2 | No record | 2016 | 0.007 | No record | |
| Laborreaktor am Fraunhofer IWES | Germany | Kassel | CH4 | No | 2016 | No record | No record | |
| BioCat Project | Denmark | Kopenhagen/Avedore | CH4 | Yes | 2016 | 1 | Biological | |
| bioCONNECT | Germany | Lemgo | CH4 | Yes | 2016 | No record | No record | |
| HyFive London 1 | UK | London | H2 | No | 2016 | 0.1 | No record | |
| HyFive London 2 | UK | London | H2 | No | 2016 | 0.1 | No record | |
| RSOC-Anlage Boeing | United States | San Diego | H2 | No | 2016 | 0.15 | No record | |
| Biological biogas upgrading in a trickle-bed reactor | Austria | Tulln/Donau | CH4 | No | 2016 | No record | Biological | |
| Direktmethanisierung von Biogas | Germany | Bad Hersfeld | CH4 | Yes | 2017 | 0.05 | Chemical | |
| High-Performance Biogas Upgrading | United States | Durham | CH4 | No | 2017 | No record | Biological | |
| SoCalGas-NREL | United States | Golden | CH4 | Yes | 2017 | 0.25 | Biological | |
| H2ORIZON | Germany | Lampoldshausen | H2 | No | 2017 | 1 | No record | |
| HyFive London 3 | UK | London | H2 | No | 2017 | 0.1 | No record | |
| MINERVE | France | Minerve | CH4 | No record | 2017 | No record | Chemical | |
| GrInHy | Germany | Salzgitter | H2 | No | 2017 | 0.15 | No record | |
| COSYMA | Switzerland | Zürich/Werdhölzli | CH4 | Yes | 2017 | No record | Chemical | |
| Jupiter 1000 | France | Fos-sur-Mer | CH4 | Yes | 2018 | 1 | No record | |
| MeGa-stoRE 2 | Denmark | Heden | CH4 | Yes | 2018 | 0.25 | Chemical | |
| HyBalance | Denmark | Hobro | H2 | No | 2018 | 1.25 | No record | |
| Power-to-Flex | Netherlands/Germany | No record | CH4 | No record | 2018 | No record | Biological | |
| ORBIT 1st site | Germany | Regensburg | CH4 | No | 2018 | No record | Biological | |
| Store&Go-Project, Hybridwerk Aarmatt | Switzerland | Solothurn/Zuchwil | CH4 | Yes | 2018 | 0.35 | Biological | |
| MicroPyros GmbH | Germany | Weilheim-Schongau | CH4 | Yes | 2018 | 0.25 | Biological | |
| PtG-Anlage Grenzach-Whylen | Germany | Whylen | H2 | No | 2018 | 1 | No record | |
| HyDeploy | UK | Newcastle under Lyme | H2 | Yes | 2019 | 0.5 | No record | |
—Sonal Patel is a POWER senior associate editor (@sonalcpatel, @POWERmagazine)